CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS' KNOWLEDGE OF ACOSO ESCOLAR IN AN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION IN CIUDAD BOLÍVAR (COLOMBIA). A CONTRIBUTION FROM NURSING FOR THE RECONCILIATION AND RECONSTRUCTION OF PEACE

Abstract

Objective: Describe the knowledge that students between 12 and 17 years of age have against bullying, in an educational institution in the town of Ciudad Bolívar (Colombia) in the second semester of 2020. Materials and Method: A qualitative study was developed with descriptive exploratory approach, in order to understand experiences and perceptions of childhood and adolescence regarding bullying. A survey was carried out with 134 children between 12 and 17 years old and a focus group of 12 participants of different ages, belonging to the educational institution. The analysis and systematization of the information and coding was carried out using the Nvivo V.12 software. Results: after the qualitative analysis, four categories emerged: definitions of bullying, why bullying is carried out, reactions to bullying and places where bullying is carried out. Conclusions: Despite recognizing through the categories how bullying is carried out, where it is carried out and its main effects, it was evidenced that the definition of bullying in this study as in the literature is not unique, the common aspect is which is a form of aggression. The handling of power is still recognized as the main cause of bullying, justified from economic reasons, physical appearance, gender and its development during school. From Nursing it is important to lead programs for the promotion of peaceful coexistence, prevention of the appearance of this phenomenon and its early recognition, in order to reduce serious consequences and contribute to our society in search of reconciliation that will be reflected in a peaceful coexistence in the classrooms; an aspect that will be reflected in future citizens who are respectful of differences and tolerant in search of a better country.